Linux manual pages Section 3  

Name

getgrnam, getgrnam_r, getgrgid, getgrgid_r — get group file entry

Synopsis

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <grp.h>
struct group *getgrnam( const char *name);
 
struct group *getgrgid( gid_t gid);
 
int getgrnam_r( const char *name,
  struct group *grp,
  char *buf,
  size_t buflen,
  struct group **result);
 
int getgrgid_r( gid_t gid,
  struct group *grp,
  char *buf,
  size_t buflen,
  struct group **result);
 
[Note] Note
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
getgrnam_r(), getgrgid_r():
_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

The getgrnam() function returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields of the record in the group database (e.g., the local group file /etc/group, NIS, and LDAP) that matches the group name name.

The getgrgid() function returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields of the record in the group database that matches the group ID gid.

The group structure is defined in <grp.h> as follows:

struct group {
  char * gr_name;
/* group name */
  char * gr_passwd;
/* group password */
  gid_t   gr_gid;
/* group ID */
  char ** gr_mem;
/* group members */
};

For more information about the fields of this structure, see group(5).

The getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() functions obtain the same information as getgrnam() and getgrgid(), but store the retrieved group structure in the space pointed to by grp. The string fields pointed to by the members of the group structure are stored in the buffer buf of size buflen. A pointer to the result (in case of success) or NULL (in case no entry was found or an error occurred) is stored in *result.

The maximum needed size for buf can be found using sysconf(3) with the argument _SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX.

RETURN VALUE

The getgrnam() and getgrgid() functions return a pointer to a group structure, or NULL if the matching entry is not found or an error occurs. If an error occurs, errno is set appropriately. If one wants to check errno after the call, it should be set to zero before the call.

The return value may point to a static area, and may be overwritten by subsequent calls to getgrent(3), getgrgid(), or getgrnam(). (Do not pass the returned pointer to free(3).)

On success, getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() return zero, and set *result to grp. If no matching group record was found, these functions return 0 and store NULL in *result. In case of error, an error number is returned, and NULL is stored in *result.

ERRORS

0 or ENOENT or ESRCH or EBADF or EPERM or ...

The given name or gid was not found.

EINTR

A signal was caught.

EIO

I/O error.

EMFILE

The maximum number (OPEN_MAX) of files was open already in the calling process.

ENFILE

The maximum number of files was open already in the system.

ENOMEM

Insufficient memory to allocate group structure.

ERANGE

Insufficient buffer space supplied.

FILES

/etc/group

local group database file

CONFORMING TO

SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.

NOTES

The formulation given above under "RETURN VALUE" is from POSIX.1-2001. It does not call "not found" an error, hence does not specify what value errno might have in this situation. But that makes it impossible to recognize errors. One might argue that according to POSIX errno should be left unchanged if an entry is not found. Experiments on various UNIX-like systems shows that lots of different values occur in this situation: 0, ENOENT, EBADF, ESRCH, EWOULDBLOCK, EPERM and probably others.

SEE ALSO

endgrent(3), fgetgrent(3), getgrent(3), getpwnam(3), setgrent(3), group(5)

COLOPHON

This page is part of release 3.33 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/.


  Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (davidprism.demon.co.uk)

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References consulted:
    Linux libc source code
    Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
    386BSD man pages

Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faithcs.unc.edu)
Modified 2003-11-15 by aeb